Ancient Wisdom for Modern Challenges

Practical Guidance on Leadership and Restraint from the Mahabharata  

In the epic “Mahabharata”, there comes a pivotal moment when Emperor Yudhishtra, along with his wife Draupadi and his four brothers, is exiled to the forest by their scheming cousin Duryodhana. The period of banishment spans thirteen years, with a significant challenge in the final year. During this thirteenth year, the exiled Pandavas must live incognito, blending into society without being discovered. Should their identities be revealed, they would face an additional thirteen years of exile.

To navigate this crucial year of concealment, Yudhishtra chooses to reside in the kingdom of  King Virata of the Matsya kingdom, serving in the court of its king alongside his brothers and wife. Each of the Pandavas assumes a disguised identity and takes up a specific role in the king’s service. Draupadi, the noble queen, decides to serve as a maiden to the queen of king Virata. However, Yudhishtra, accustomed to the role of an emperor who commands rather than obeys, seeks guidance on how to conduct himself in this new position of subservience. 

It is here that the sage Doumya offers Yudhishthira invaluable counsel on how to behave in the court of a king. These instructions not only help him navigate his disguise but also serve as timeless lessons on humility, decorum, and diplomacy. 

Even in contemporary contexts, the wisdom imparted by Rishi Doumya resonates powerfully. His teachings provide guidance on how to conduct oneself with deference and tact in the presence of political leaders, employers, or figures of authority. The timeless principles encapsulated in Sage Vyasa’s “Mahabharata” remain profoundly relevant, offering insights into social etiquette and leadership dynamics that are as applicable today as they were millennia ago.

Sage Doumya’s Advice to Yudhishtra for Living Incognito in the court of king Virat are as follows:

·       Living in a king’s palace is challenging and may involve facing insults. Learn to bear these with equanimity and avoid reacting.  

·       Though you are an emperor, behave as a subject of the king and shed the attitude of a ruler. Exercise caution in all interactions.  

·       Never place blind trust in the king.  

·       Do not approach the king without informing him in advance.  

·       Avoid sharing the same vehicle, elephant, chariot, or seat occupied by the king.  

·       Recognize that spies are present throughout the kingdom. Be vigilant when speaking with the king, mindful of your location, time, and company.  

·       Do not praise the king with lies, as they will be easily discerned.  

·       Refrain from serving the queen, even if she requests it; such tasks are for her attendants.  

·       Do not associate with the king’s enemies or anyone from the queen’s harem.  

·       Perform all actions with the knowledge of the king. Avoid any covert activities to ensure safety.  

·       Treat the king as one would handle fire—with caution and respect.  

·       Obey orders given by the king, whether delivered calmly or with pride.  

·       Always use gentle and pleasant words to avoid conflict.  

·       Scholars may sit beside the king, but guards must stand behind him.  

·       Never reveal the king’s flaws or mistakes to others.  

·       Those with intelligence and courage should not showcase their abilities in the king’s presence.  

·       Speak to the king without gestures, lip movements, or loudness.  

·       Do not laugh or talk loudly in the king’s presence.  

·       Refrain from boasting about your knowledge before the king.  

·       Always exhibit a pleasant and smiling temperament in the king’s presence.  

·       Praising the king and his heir, the prince, will help you gain favor.  

·       If the king punishes or reprimands you, praising him even then will build trust.  

·       Avoid giving the impression that your life is more enjoyable than the king’s.  

·       Shadow the king respectfully, speaking softly and adhering to protocol.  

·       Never sit in a higher seat than the king or wear expensive attire in his presence.  

·       Be content with whatever the king provides, and never show dissatisfaction.  

·       Only use the vehicles, clothing, or ornaments gifted by the king.  

These guidelines, given by Sage Doumya to Yudhishthira, encapsulate the wisdom needed for navigating the challenges of living incognito in a royal court. 

It is remarkable how many of these nuggets of wisdom remain relevant today. In the presence of our elders, leaders, or employers, following these principles can help us earn acceptance and respect in both our profession and society.